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UNIVERSITI ISLAM ANTARABANGSA SULTAN ABDUL HALIM MU’ADZAM SHAH

(UniSHAMS)

2019/1441H

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Thesis Submitted to

Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Sultan Abdul Halim Mu’adzam Shah (UniSHAMS),

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APPROVAL PAGE

DECLARATION

I am, (name of the student) ....................confirms that, my PhD / Master research entitled : ( Number of words..... and pages ...), I have read and understood the Rules and Regulations of Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Sultan Abdul Halim Mu’adzam Shah (UniSHAMS) concerning plagiarism. I confirm that all the materials presented are my own work and that any quotation or paraphrase from the published or unpublished work of another person has been duly acknowledged.

Signature : …………………….

Matrix Number :

Date : 1441H/2019

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Firstly, I wish to thank God for giving me the opportunity to embark on my PhD and for completing this long and challenging journey successfully. My gratitude and thanks go to my supervisor Assoc Prof Datuk.

My appreciation goes to the Captain and crewmembers of the MMC who provided the facilities and assistance during sampling. Special thanks to my colleagues and friends for helping me with this project.

Finally, this thesis is dedicated to the loving memory of my very dear late father and mother for the vision and determination to educate me. This piece of victory is dedicated to both of you. Alhamdulilah.

ABSTRACT

On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks. When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look. You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab. You can also format text directly by using the other controls on the Home tab. Most controls offer a choice of using the look from the current theme or using a format that you specify directly. To change the overall look of your document, choose new Theme elements on the Page Layout tab. To change the looks available in the Quick Style gallery, use the Change Current Quick Style Set command. Both the Themes gallery and the Quick Styles gallery provide reset commands so that you can always restore the look of your document to the original contained in your current template. On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks. When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look. You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab. You can also format text directly by using the other controls on the Home tab. Most controls offer a choice of using the look from the current theme or using a format that you specify directly. To change the overall look of your document, choose new Theme elements on the Page Layout tab. To change the looks available in the Quick Style gallery, use the Change Current Quick Style Set command. Both the Themes gallery and the Quick Styles gallery provide reset commands so that you can always restore the look of your document to the original contained in your current template. On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks.

ABSTRAK

On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks. When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look. You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab. You can also format text directly by using the other controls on the Home tab. Most controls offer a choice of using the look from the current theme or using a format that you specify directly. To change the overall look of your document, choose new Theme elements on the Page Layout tab. To change the looks available in the Quick Style gallery, use the Change Current Quick Style Set command. Both the Themes gallery and the Quick Styles gallery provide reset commands so that you can always restore the look of your document to the original contained in your current template. On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document

TABLE OF CONTENTS

APPROVAL PAGE	ii

DECLARATION	ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT	ii

ABSTRACT	ii

ABSTRAK	ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS	ii

LIST OF TABLES	ii

LIST OF FIGURES	ii

LIST OF CASES / ISSUES	ii

LIST OF LAWS / CONSTITUTION	ii

LIST OF TRANSLITERATION	ii

LIST OF APPENDICES	ii

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS	ii

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION	2

1.1	Introduction	2

1.2	Background of the Study	2

1.2.1	Intellectual Capital Intellectual Capital Intellectual Capital Intellectual Capital Intellectual Capital	2

CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEWS	2

2.1	Introduction	2

2.2	Overview of Malaysian Islamic Financial and Banking System	2

2.3	Banks	2

2.3.1	Definitions of Banks	2

2.3.2	History of Banks	2

2.3.3	Type of Bank	2

2.3.4	History of Islamic Banks	2

CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY	2

3.1	Introduction	2

3.2	Theoretical Framework	2

3.3	Hypothesis Development	2

3.3.1	Shariah governance	2

3.4	Sample Selection	2

3.4.1	Measurement of Independent Variable	2

CHAPTER 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS	2

4.1	Introduction	2

4.1.1	Descriptive Statistics	2

4.1.1.1	Outliers	2

4.1.1.2	Diagnostic Checks	2

REFERENCES	2

LIST OF TABLES

TABLES NO.	TITLE	PAGE

Table ‎1.1	Number of Participant at Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Sulatn Abdula Halim Muadzam	2

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURES NO.	TITLE	PAGE

Figure 1.1	UniSHMAS Logo	2

LIST OF CASES / ISSUES

LIST OF LAWS / CONSTITUTION

LIST OF TRANSLITERATION

LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDICES NO.	TITLE	PAGE

APPENDIX 1 QUESTIONAIRES	2

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

Abbreviations
PCA	Principal Component Analysis

INTRODUCTION

Introduction

On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks.

When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look. You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab.

You can also format text directly by using the other controls on the Home tab. Most controls offer a choice of using the look from the current theme or using a format that you specify directly.

To change the overall look of your document, choose new Theme elements on the Page Layout tab. To change the looks available in the Quick Style gallery, use the Change Current Quick Style Set command.

Background of the Study

Research Objectives

On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document.

You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks.

When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look.

You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab.

On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks.

When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look. You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab.

You can also format text directly by using the other controls on the Home tab. Most controls offer a choice of using the look from the current theme or using a format that you specify directly.

Intellectual Capital Intellectual Capital Intellectual Capital Intellectual Capital Intellectual Capital

On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks. When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look.

You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab. You can also format text directly by using the other controls on the Home tab. Most controls offer a choice of using the look from the current theme or using a format that you specify directly.

Figure ‎1.1	UniSHMAS Logo

On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks. When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look.

You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab. You can also format text directly by using the other controls on the Home tab. Most controls offer a choice of using the look from the current theme or using a format that you specify directly.

Table ‎1.1	Number of Participant at Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Sulatn Abdula Halim Muadzam

No.	Description	Gender	Age	Status
1	Aminah	Female	20	Single
2	Ahmad	Male	37	Married
3	Ali	Male	40	Married

On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks.

When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look. You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab.

“On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document”

When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look. You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab.

“On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks. When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look. You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab. You can also format text directly by using the other controls on the Home tab. Most controls offer a choice of using the look from the current theme or using a format that you specify directly.”

On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks. When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look.

ROA = PROFIT AFTER TAX / FIXED ASSETS	(‎1.1)

LITERATURE REVIEWS

Introduction

On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks.

When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look. You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab.

You can also format text directly by using the other controls on the Home tab. Most controls offer a choice of using the look from the current theme or using a format that you specify directly.

Overview of Malaysian Islamic Financial and Banking System

On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks.

When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look. You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab.

You can also format text directly by using the other controls on the Home tab. Most controls offer a choice of using the look from the current theme or using a format that you specify directly.

Banks

On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks. When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look.

You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab. You can also format text directly by using the other controls on the Home tab. Most controls offer a choice of using the look from the current theme or using a format that you specify directly.

Definitions of Banks

On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks.

History of Banks

On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks.

When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look. You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab.

Type of Bank

On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks. When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look.

History of Islamic Banks

On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks.

When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look. You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Introduction

On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks. When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look.

You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab. You can also format text directly by using the other controls on the Home tab. Most controls offer a choice of using the look from the current theme or using a format that you specify directly.

Theoretical Framework

On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks. When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look. You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab.

You can also format text directly by using the other controls on the Home tab. Most controls offer a choice of using the look from the current theme or using a format that you specify directly. To change the overall look of your document, choose new Theme elements on the Page Layout tab. To change the looks available in the Quick Style gallery, use the Change Current Quick Style Set command.

Both the Themes gallery and the Quick Styles gallery provide reset commands so that you can always restore the look of your document to the original contained in your current template. On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks. When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look.

Hypothesis Development

On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks.

When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look. You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab.

Shariah governance

On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document.

You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks.

When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look.

Sample Selection

On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks. When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look.

You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab. You can also format text directly by using the other controls on the Home tab. Most controls offer a choice of using the look from the current theme or using a format that you specify directly.

Measurement of Independent Variable

On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks. When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look.

You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab. You can also format text directly by using the other controls on the Home tab. Most controls offer a choice of using the look from the current theme or using a format that you specify directly.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Introduction

On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks. When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look.

You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab. You can also format text directly by using the other controls on the Home tab. Most controls offer a choice of using the look from the current theme or using a format that you specify directly.

Descriptive Statistics

On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks.

When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look. You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab.

Outliers

On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks. When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look.

You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab. You can also format text directly by using the other controls on the Home tab. Most controls offer a choice of using the look from the current theme or using a format that you specify directly.

Diagnostic Checks

On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks. When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look.

You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab. You can also format text directly by using the other controls on the Home tab. Most controls offer a choice of using the look from the current theme or using a format that you specify directly.

REFERENCES

Abdullah Sani, N., & Othman, R. (2013). Revision of Shari’ah Screening Methodology : The Status of Shari’ah Compliant Companies in Malaysia. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Management (3rd ICM 2013), Malaysia (pp. 51–63).

Abu-Rahma, A., & Abu-Rahma, K. (2012). Corporatism: The islamic model. Purusharta: A Journal of Management Ethics and Sprirituality, 5(1), 143–156.

Adnan Khurshid, M., Al-Aali, A., Ali Soliman, A., & Mohamad Amin, S. (2014a). Developing an Islamic corporate social responsibility model (ICSR). Competitiveness Review, 24(4), 258–274.

Adnan Khurshid, M., Al-Aali, A., Ali Soliman, A., & Mohamad Amin, S. (2014b). Developing an Islamic corporate social responsibility model (ICSR). Competitiveness Review, 24(4), 258–274.

Ahmad, A.-R., Nasir, I.-N. M., Wan-Abu-Bakar, W.-A., Darus, F., & Sidek, N. Z. M. (2015). i-CSR Ranking in the Workplace. Procedia Economics and Finance, 31(15), 520–524.

APPENDICES

APPENDIX 1
Questionnaires

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